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| Latitude / Longitude A grid system of reference in which every point on the surface of the earth can be located using its unique coordinates: Latitude lines (called Parallels) circle the earth and are parallel to the Equator. Latitude locates a point's distance North or South of the Equator, and is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds, from 0º at the Equator to 90º at the North Pole or South Pole. Longitude lines (called Meridians) radiate from the North Pole to the South Pole and are not parallel. Longitude locates a point's distance East or West of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England), and is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds from 0º at the Prime Meridian to 180º at the International Date Line..  |